Reports

Monthly, semiannual, and thematic reports on the human rights situation in Cuba

Informe Mensual Sobre la Situación de los Derechos Humanos en Cuba | Febrero 2024

El contexto del informe presenta varios aspectos que marcaron el ámbito económico y social durante el mes de febrero. Entre ellos, destacó el anuncio de la implementación de un conjunto de medidas económicas aplazadas temporalmente. Se registró un incremento en la frecuencia de los cortes de electricidad y en los [...]

Informe Mensual Sobre la Situación de los Derechos Humanos en Cuba | Enero 2024

El año 2024 en Cuba comenzó como lo presagió el cierre del 2023: mal. La situación económica en declive, las políticas gubernamentales ineficaces, los desafíos persistentes de la migración irregular, el incremento de la violencia y la constante represión siguen definiendo la realidad diaria de los cubanos.  Continúa la escasez [...]

Monthly Report on the Human Rights Situation in Cuba | December 2023

The last month of the year reaffirmed everything that 2023 has been for Cuba: poverty, violence, governmental incompetence, and repression. “We are continuity!” repeated the regime's representatives in each of their speeches, and, at least in these aspects, they fully lived up to expectations. The end of the year, a date that traditionally [...]

Monthly Report on the Human Rights Situation in Cuba | November 2023

November was a month of intense political activity for the Cuban regime, both on and off the island: the Universal Periodic Review at the UN, high-level trips and visits, the signing of agreements, and business fairs; however, perhaps none of this marked daily life more than [...]

Monthly Report on the Human Rights Situation in Cuba | October 2023

While Cuba is re-elected as a member of the United Nations Human Rights Council, during the month of October the Cubalex monitoring team recorded 304 human rights violations committed by authorities on the island and the quality of life of the [...]

The manipulation of the term “mercenary”: An analysis of the participation of Cubans in the Russian-Ukrainian conflict

After the second quarter of 2023, reports surfaced of Cuban citizens being recruited to serve in the Russian army amidst the conflict in Ukraine. Some citizens claim to have been recruited under false pretenses, while others argue they joined voluntarily, motivated by economic and personal reasons. [...]

Clarity and Justice: An Analysis of Detention Practices in Cuba

Cuban legislation, specifically Law No. 143, the Law of Criminal Procedure (LPP-143/21), stipulates a series of situations in which the detention of individuals is legally permitted, ranging from cases of flagrant offenses to more serious situations such as prison escape. Although these detentions must [...]

Monthly Report on the Human Rights Situation in Cuba | September 2023

September was a difficult month for Cubans. Repression, shortages, blackouts, increased crime, and the official announcement of another escalation in the perpetual economic crisis. Meanwhile, for the regime, it was a period of spending on summits, trips, rallies, propaganda abroad, and gourmet food festivals. Throughout the month [...]

CAT report on the human rights situation in Cuba

This alternative report, prepared by various civil society organizations, assesses the Cuban State's compliance with the recommendations of the Committee against Torture (CAT), within the framework of the follow-up procedure to its third periodic report. The document focuses on three priority areas: – Independent inspection [...]

Monthly Report on the Human Rights Situation in Cuba | August 2023

During the month of August, the Cubalex monitoring team recorded 205 repressive incidents that occurred in 46 municipalities across all provinces of the country. The province with the highest number of recorded incidents was Havana (78), and the municipalities with the most incidents were Guanabacoa (25), Camagüey (14), and Santiago [...]

Monthly Reports

Monthly report on the human rights situation in Cuba | August 2026

In August 2026, Cubalex documented 94 public protests—primarily motivated by prolonged power outages—and 280 repressive events, including 543 incidents of harassment against at least 187 victims. The report records 5 deaths in custody, 3 enforced disappearances, 30 arbitrary detentions—several of minors—and death threats [...]

Monthly Report on the Human Rights Situation in Cuba | July 2026

Cubalex recorded 388 repressive events involving 817 incidents of harassment during the month. Among the reported cases were the forced exile of political prisoner Luis Manuel Otero Alcántara after serving five years in prison, three deaths in custody due to medical negligence, and the simultaneous operation against 25 activists [...]

Monthly Report on the Human Rights Situation in Cuba | June 2026 

Cubalex recorded 319 repressive events involving 608 incidents of harassment during the month. Among the reported cases were the arrest of comedian Eddy Ceballos, accused of espionage for documenting a military installation; the record-breaking 253 protests; and the burning of the Orlando Pantoja Tamayo House Museum. [...]

Monthly Report on the Human Rights Situation in Cuba | May 2026 

Cubalex recorded 304 repressive events involving 597 incidents of harassment during the month. Among the reported cases were the forced exile of Lady in White Sissi Abascal Zamora as a condition of her release, the death in custody of political prisoner Ernesto Brieva Sempé, and the demonstrations following more than [...]

Monthly Report on the Human Rights Situation in Cuba | April 2026 

Cubalex recorded 370 repressive events involving 779 incidents of harassment during the month. Among the reported cases were the inhumane conditions denounced by political prisoner Alexander Díaz Rodríguez upon his release from prison, the kidnapping of athlete Javier Ernesto Martín Gutiérrez, and the hacking of activists' accounts and [...]

Monthly Report on the Human Rights Situation in Cuba | March 2026

Cubalex recorded 346 repressive events involving 684 incidents of harassment during the month. Among the reported cases were the 49-day hunger strike of political prisoner Roilán Álvarez Rensoler, the protest in Morón where demonstrators burned Communist Party property, and the imprisonment of the elderly man [...]

Monthly Report on the Human Rights Situation in Cuba | February 2026

Cubalex recorded 242 repressive events involving 528 incidents of harassment during the month. Among the reported cases were the mass protest by inmates at the Ciego de Ávila Provincial Prison, the detention of the content creators of "El 4tico," and the maritime interception of a group of [...]

Monthly Report on the Human Rights Situation in Cuba | January 2026

Cubalex recorded 246 human rights violations involving 540 repressive incidents during the month. Among the reported cases, the case of opposition member Ángel Moya Acosta stands out, remaining among those with the highest number of documented repressive acts against him. [...]

Monthly Report on the Human Rights Situation in Cuba | December 2025

The end of 2025 revealed a profound and sustained deterioration of life in Cuba. December, in a particularly stark way, condensed the accumulated effects of a crisis that is no longer temporary: it is structural, pervasive, and pervasive. The collapse of basic services, the precariousness of the system of [...]

Monthly Report on the Human Rights Situation in Cuba | November 2025

Cubalex recorded 165 human rights violations, including 343 incidents of repression, during the month. Among the reported cases, the case of political prisoner José Antonio Pompa López stands out. He began a hunger strike after his arbitrary transfer from Combinado del Este prison to another prison outside Havana. [...]

Semiannual Reports

Trends and Patterns of Repression in Cuba | First Half of 2026

Trends and Patterns of Repression in Cuba | Second Half of 2025

Trends and Patterns of Repression in Cuba | First Half of 2025

Trends and Patterns of Repression in Cuba | Second Half of 2024 

Thematic reports

Cubalex presented at ASCE 2026: These are the legal obstacles to humanitarian assistance in Cuba

Deaths in custody in prison facilities (2024–2026)

Cuba: Social Militarization and De Facto Exceptionality

The Undeclared State of War

Hunger Strikes in Cuba: Causes and State Responsibility 

Social Militarization and De Facto Exceptionality in Cuba: Evolution of Repressive Dynamics and Territorial Control | March 2026

Special Report: Release from Prison as a Negotiation Asset in Cuba (1998-2026)

Report on the Situation of Persons with Psychosocial Disabilities in Cuban Prisons 

Early Release in Cuba: Lack of Transparency and Political Use of the Judicial System 

Interrogations in Cuba: Pattern of State Repression and Rights Violations (2022-2024) 

Failure to Fulfill the Obligation to Provide Reparation to Victims of Gender-Based Violence in Cuba

Electoral Violence and Enforced Disappearances in Cuba: Tools of the Cuban Government to Control and Repress

Note

Cubalex systematically documents human rights violations in Cuba based on direct reports from victims and witnesses, monitoring of open sources on the internet and social media, and cross-verification with allied organizations.

Each documented event may contain multiple linked incidents, carried out by State agents or by third parties acting with their acquiescence. Incidents include harassment, persecution, criminalization, and physical violence against personal integrity, liberty, and life. Repression is widespread; the majority of identified victims are activists, human rights defenders, and independent journalists.

The gender of each victim is recorded based on the information available at the time of documentation. Cubalex acknowledges the limitations of this record in a context where gender self-identification does not have legal protection in Cuba.

The figures presented are not exhaustive. Digital monitoring does not reach victims without internet or mobile phone access, nor those who depend on third parties to make their situation public. Cubalex acknowledges that a significant number of violations remain undocumented.

If you have information on cases that have not been documented, you may contact us confidentially at [email protected]. Cubalex protects the identity of victims, witnesses and sources in accordance with its own security protocols.

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